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Glossary

Self-Regulation

The ability to manage your arousal, emotions, and behaviour in response to what's happening around you.

Self-regulation is the ability to adjust your internal state — energy level, alertness, emotions — to match what a situation requires. A regulated child can stay calm when asked to wait in line, ramp up focus during a maths test, and wind down for sleep. Dysregulation shows up as meltdowns, shut-downs, uncontrolled excitement, or inability to sit still. Sensory input, movement, and executive function all feed into self-regulation. OTs teach regulation through programmes like the Zones of Regulation and the Alert Programme, plus sensory strategies (heavy work, deep pressure, calming or alerting activities) chosen to match the child's individual profile.